izindaba

Yini ama-polyolefin?

Ama-Polyolefin awumndeni we-polyethylene kanye ne-polypropylene thermoplastics.Akhiqizwa ikakhulukazi kuwoyela negesi yemvelo ngenqubo ye-polymerization ye-ethylene ne-propylene ngokulandelana.Ukuguquguquka kwabo kubenze baba omunye wamapulasitiki athandwa kakhulu asetshenziswa namuhla.

Izici ze-polyolefins

Kunezinhlobo ezine zama polyolefin:

• I-LDPE (i-polyethylene enezinga eliphansi): I-LDPE ichazwa ngebanga lokuminyana elingu-0.910–0.940 g/cm3.Ingakwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa angu-80 °C ngokuqhubekayo kanye no-95 °C isikhathi esifushane.Yenziwe ngokuhlukahluka okukhanyayo noma okufiphele, iyavumelana nezimo futhi iqinile.
• I-LLDPE (i-polyethylene ene-low-density low-density): iyi-polyethylene enomugqa omkhulu, enezinombolo ezibalulekile zamagatsha amafushane, evamise ukwenziwa yi-copolymerization ye-ethylene ngama-olefin amaketanga amade.I-LLDPE inamandla aphezulu okuqinile nomthelela ophezulu kanye nokumelana nokubhoboza kune-LDPE.Iguquguquka kakhulu futhi ikhula ngaphansi kwengcindezi.Ingasetshenziselwa ukwenza amafilimu amancane futhi inokumelana okuhle namakhemikhali.Inezici ezinhle zikagesi.Nokho, akulula ukucubungula njenge-LDPE.
• I-HDPE (i-polyethylene ephezulu-ukuminyana): I-HDPE yaziwa ngenani elikhulu lamandla-kuya-kuminyana.Ukuminyana kwe-HDPE kungasukela ku-0.93 kuye ku-0.97 g/cm3 noma 970 kg/m3.Nakuba ukuminyana kwe-HDPE kuphakeme kancane kune-polyethylene ene-low-density, i-HDPE ine-branching encane, ikunika amandla anamandla e-intermolecular namandla aqinile kune-LDPE.Futhi iqinile futhi i-opaque ngokwengeziwe futhi ingamelana namazinga okushisa athi phezulu (120 °C isikhathi esifushane).
• I-PP (i-polypropylene): Ukuminyana kwe-PP kuphakathi kuka-0.895 no-0.92 g/cm³.Ngakho-ke, i-PP iyipulasitiki yempahla enobuningi obuphansi kakhulu.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-polyethylene (PE) inezakhiwo eziphakeme zemishini kanye nokumelana nokushisa, kodwa ukumelana namakhemikhali okuncane.I-PP imvamisa iqinile futhi iyavumelana nezimo, ikakhulukazi uma i-copolymerised ne-ethylene.

Izicelo ze-polyolefins

Izimfanelo ezithile zezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zama-polyolefin ziboleka ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, njengalezi:

• I-LDPE: ifilimu yokudla, izikhwama zokuthwala, ifilimu yezolimo, izigqoko zamabhokisi obisi, ukumbozwa kwekhebula likagesi, izikhwama zezimboni ezisindayo.
• I-LLDPE: ifilimu elula, ifilimu yokupakisha yezimboni, iziqukathi ezinodonga oluncane, kanye nezikhwama ezisindayo, eziphakathi nezincane.
• I-HDPE: amakhreyithi namabhokisi, amabhodlela (emikhiqizo yokudla, okokuhlanza, izimonyo), iziqukathi zokudla, amathoyizi, amathangi kaphethiloli, okokugoqwa kwezimboni nefilimu, amapayipi nezinto zasendlini.
• I-PP: ukupakishwa kokudla, okuhlanganisa iyogathi, amabhodwe emajarini, okokusonga okunoshukela nokudla okulula, izitsha ezivikela i-microwave, imicu yokhaphethi, ifenisha yasengadini, iphakheji yezokwelapha nezinto zikagesi, imithwalo, izinto zasekhishini namapayipi.