isicelo

I-PVC resin iyisakhi esikhulu kunazo zonke sekhebula le-PVC, futhi ikhwalithi yayo inethonya elikhulu kuzakhiwo zikagesi nezisetshenziswa zekhebula.

1 Indlela yokuqhuba ye-PVC

Ngokuvamile, kokubili ukuqhutshwa kwe-electron kanye ne-ion conduction kubonakala kuma-polymers, kodwa izinga lihlukile.Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwezindlela ezimbili ze-conductive umehluko wabathwali bokushaja.Kuma-polymers, uketshezi oluthwalayo lwe-electron conduction mechanism iyi-electron yamahhala lapho i-electron yayo engu-π isuswa endaweni.Isithwali esiwuketshezi se-ion conduction mechanism ngokuvamile sinama-ion amahle nama-negative.Iningi lama-polymers asekelwe ekuziphatheni kwe-elekthronikhi ama-polymers ahlanganisiwe, futhi iketango eliyinhloko le-PVC liyisixhumanisi sebhondi eyodwa, alinalo uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe, ngakho-ke liqhuba ugesi ngokuqhutshwa kwe-ion.Kodwa-ke, lapho kukhona ukukhanya kwamanje kanye ne-UV, i-PVC izosusa i-HCl futhi yakhe izingcezu ze-polyolefin ezingagcwalisiwe, ngakho-ke kukhona ama-electron angu-π, angase ashayele ukuqhutshwa kukagesi.

2.2.1 isisindo samangqamuzana

Umthelela wesisindo samangqamuzana ekuphatheni kwama-polymers uhlobene nendlela eyinhloko yokuqhuba yama-polymers.Ukuze i-electron conductance, i-conductivity izokhula ngoba isisindo samangqamuzana siyanda futhi isiteshi se-intramolecular ye-electron siyandiswa.Ngokuncipha kwesisindo samangqamuzana, ukufuduka kwe-ion kuyanda futhi i-conductivity iyanda.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo samangqamuzana sithinta izakhiwo zemishini yemikhiqizo yekhebula.Ukuphakama kwesisindo samangqamuzana e-PVC resin, kuba ngcono ukumelana kwayo nokubanda, ukuzinza kokushisa namandla okusebenza.

2.2.2 Ukuzinza kwe-thermal

Ukuzinza kwe-thermal kungenye yezinkomba eziyisisekelo nezibalulekile zokuhlola ikhwalithi ye-resin.Ithinta ngqo ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula imikhiqizo engaphansi komfula kanye nezakhiwo zemikhiqizo.Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezinto zokwakha ze-PVC, isidingo sokuzinza okushisayo kwe-PVC resin siya ngokuya sikhuphuka.Ubumhlophe obuguga buyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ukuzinza kwe-resin, ukuze kwahlulele ukuzinza kokushisa kwe-resin.

2.2.3 Okuqukethwe kwe-ion

Ngokuvamile, i-PVC iqhuba ugesi ngokuyinhloko nge-ion conduction, ngakho-ke ama-ion anomthelela omkhulu ekuqhubeni.Ama-cations ensimbi (i-Na+, K+, Ca2+, Al3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, njll.) ku-polymer adlala indima ehamba phambili, kuyilapho ama-anion (Cl-, SO42-, njll.) anethonya elincane ekuqhubeni kukagesi ngenxa yokuqina kwawo. irediyasi enkulu kanye nezinga lokufuduka elihamba kancane.Ngokuphambene, lapho i-PVC ingabangela umphumela ohlangothini we-dechlorination ngaphansi kwemisebe yamanje kagesi kanye ne-UV, i-Cl- iyakhululwa, lapho i-anion idlala indima enkulu.

2.2.4 Ukuminyana okusobala

Ubuningi obubonakalayo kanye nokumuncwa kwe-oyela kwe-resin kuthinta izakhiwo zangemva kokucubungula kwe-resin, ikakhulukazi i-plasticization ye-resin, futhi i-plasticization ithinta ngokuqondile izakhiwo zemikhiqizo.Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo zokubunjwa nokucubungula, i-resin inobuningi obubonakalayo obuphezulu kanye ne-porosity ephansi kakhulu, engase ithinte ukudluliswa kwezinto ezisebenzayo ku-resin, okuholela ekuphikiseni okuphezulu komkhiqizo.

2.2.5 okunye

I-resin ye-PVC ku-“fisheye”, ama-ion angcolile nezinye izinto enqubweni yokukhiqiza ikhebula ziba ukungcola okufana ne-knob, ukuze indawo yekhebula ingabi bushelelezi, ithinte ukubukeka kwemikhiqizo, kanye “namafindo” azungeze ukwakheka kogesi othile. igebe, cekela phansi ukusebenza kokufakwa kwe-PVC okungokwemvelo.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanayo emva kokucubungula, ukuminyana okubonakalayo, ukumuncwa kwe-plasticizer nezinye izinkomba zokusebenza kuthinta ngqo umphumela wokucubungula, futhi izinga elihlukile le-plasticization liholela ekuhlukeni kokusebenza komkhiqizo.

Ukwengeza, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi izithasiselo ezinamaqembu asebenzayo zingasungulwa ngemuva kwe-polymerization ye-polyvinyl chloride, isibonelo, ekupheleni kokuhlanganiswa noma ngaphambi kokumiswa kokugcina.I-Poly inomswakama ongu-1~30% onesamba esingu-0.0002~0.001% se-polycarboxylic acid, ingathuthukisa ukumelana nevolumu yemikhiqizo.ISINGENISO SE-0.1-2% ye-phosphate ion equkethe IZIKHIWO (i-alkyl hydrogen phosphate, ammonium oxyphosphate, C≤20 alkyl phosphate, i-organic phosphate) ku-polyvinyl chloride elengayo, kanye nokwengezwa kwezinhlanganisela zensimbi ye-alkaline equkethe u-0.1-2%, ukuze uwafake ku-polymer, angathuthukisa ngempumelelo ukumelana nevolumu kanye ne-dielectric constant of resin.